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Linux Commands

Essential Linux command line tools and utilities

34 commands found
ls
List directory contents
File Management
ls
cd
Change the current directory
File Management
cd /path/to/directory
pwd
Print working directory - shows current directory path
File Management
pwd
mkdir
Create new directories
File Management
mkdir mydir
rm
Remove files or directories
File Management
rm file.txt
cp
Copy files and directories
File Management
cp file.txt backup.txt
mv
Move or rename files and directories
File Management
mv oldname.txt newname.txt
cat
Concatenate and display file contents
Text Processing
cat file.txt
less
View file contents with pagination
Text Processing
less file.txt
head
Display the first lines of a file
Text Processing
head file.txt
tail
Display the last lines of a file
Text Processing
tail file.txt
grep
Search for patterns in files or output
Text Processing
grep 'pattern' file.txt
sed
Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
Text Processing
sed 's/old/new/' file.txt
awk
Pattern scanning and text processing language
Text Processing
awk '{print $1}' file.txt
chmod
Change file permissions
Permissions
chmod 755 script.sh
chown
Change file owner and group
Permissions
chown user file.txt
ps
Display information about running processes
System Info
ps aux
top
Display real-time system resource usage and processes
System Info
top
htop
Interactive process viewer (better alternative to top)
System Info
htop
kill
Terminate processes by PID
System Info
kill 1234
df
Display disk space usage of file systems
System Info
df -h
du
Estimate file and directory space usage
System Info
du -sh /var/log
free
Display memory usage information
System Info
free -h
curl
Transfer data from or to a server using various protocols
Networking
curl https://api.example.com
wget
Download files from the web
Networking
wget https://example.com/file.zip
ping
Test network connectivity to a host
Networking
ping google.com
netstat
Display network connections, routing tables, and interface statistics
Networking
netstat -tuln
find
Search for files and directories in a directory hierarchy
File Management
find . -name '*.txt'
tar
Archive files and directories
File Management
tar -czf archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory
zip
Package and compress files
File Management
zip archive.zip file.txt
ssh
Secure Shell - connect to remote machines securely
Networking
ssh user@hostname
scp
Securely copy files between hosts over SSH
Networking
scp file.txt user@remote:/path/
rsync
Efficiently sync files and directories between locations
Networking
rsync -avz source/ destination/
systemctl
Control systemd services and system state
System Info
systemctl start nginx